Dados do Trabalho

Título

CT on Lung Cancer Screening is useful for adjuvant comorbidity diagnosis in developing countries

Introdução

Introduction and objective: to analyze and quantify the prevalence of six comorbidities from lung cancer screening (LCS) on computed tomography (CT) scans of patients from developing countries.

Casuística e Métodos

Material and methods:​​ For this retrospective study, low-dose CT scans (n= 775) from patients who underwent LCS in a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2020 were examined. Age and sex-matched control group was obtained for comparison (n=370). Using the software, coronary artery calcification (CAC), the skeletal muscle area (SMA), interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs), emphysema, osteoporosis, and hepatic steatosis was accessed. Clinical characteristics of each participant were identified. t-test and chi-squared test were used to examine differences between these values. Interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Interobserver agreement (assessed by calculating kappa coefficients) were calculated to assess the correlation of measures interpreted by two observers. p values < 0.05 were considered significant.

Resultados

Results and discussion: One or more comorbidities were identified in 86.6% of the patients and in 40% of the controls. The most prevalent comorbidity was osteoporosis, present in 44.2% of patients and in 24.8% of the controls. New diagnoses of cardiovascular disease, emphysema, and osteoporosis were made in 25%, 7%, and 46% of cases, respectively. The kappa coefficient for CAC was 0.906 (p < 0.001). ICCs for measures of liver, spleen, and bone density were 0.88, 0.93, and 0.96, respectively (p < 0.001).

Conclusões

Conclusions:​ CT data acquired during LCS led to the identification of previously undiagnosed comorbidities. The LCS is useful to facilitate comorbidity diagnosis in developing countries, providing opportunities for its prevention and treatment

Palavras Chave

Key-words: Screening; Lung cancer; Comorbidities; Computed tomography; Developing countries.

Área

Alunos de Medicina / Ligas radiológicas (trabalhos de extensão acadêmica)